employee
Moscow, Russian Federation
UDK 633.2.03 Луга и пастбища
Large livestock farms and complexes accumulate large amounts of liquid manure of varying degrees of dilution with water — semi-liquid, liquid, manure effluents. The most effective method of utilization of liquid manure is its widespread use for fertilizing meadow grass stands. The effectiveness of the use of manure effluents depends on the doses and timing of their application, the type of soil, its mechanical composition. Viktor Grigoryevich Dikarev paid considerable attention to the issues of effective and environmentally safe use of various types of organic fertilizers, their combination with mineral fertilizers on reclaimed hayfields and pastures in his research. He is a Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, senior researcher at the Laboratory of Irrigated Meadow Farming and Lysimetric Research at the V.R. Williams Institute of Feed in 1976–2010. He studied various types of cattle manure, the timing of its application, its use as the main fertilizer and top dressing during the growing season of herbs, its various combinations with mineral fertilizers (according to the timing and doses of application). He also studied the leaching of nutrients from the soil, in order to achieve environmental safety of the methods used to intensify grassland farming. On the basis of long-term studies on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil with low potassium and high phosphorus, the highest productivity (116.1 centner/ha of dry matter) of grass with the dominance of the awnless brome was obtained when manure drains were applied at a dose of N300R60K200 at the rate of 1/3 for the first mowing in autumn and 1/3 for the second and third mowing during the vegetation of grasses. 30% N, 70% P2O5, 100% K2O were introduced with effluents. At the same time, the collection of crude protein was 16.1 centner/ha. 30% N, 70% P2O5, 100% K2O were introduced with effluents. At the same time, the collection of crude protein was 16.1 centner/ha.
meadow farming, liquid manure, soil fertility, agro-energy assessment, agroecological assessment
1. Dikarev V.G. Mineralogicheskij sostav podzolistyh, dernovo-podzolistyh i chernozemnyh pochv raznoj stepeni okul'turennosti i neobmennoe pogloshhenie kalija i ammonija [Mineralogical composition of podzolic, sod-podzolic and chernozem soils of varying degrees of cultivation and non-exchangeable absorption of potassium and ammonium: author's abstract Dis. … Candidate Sci. (Agr.)]. Moscow, 1970, 16 p.
2. Dikarev V.G., Poddubny N.N. Sostav pogloshhennyh osnovanij pochv razlichnoj stepeni okul'turennosti [Composition of absorbed soil bases of various degrees of cultivation]. Doklady TSKhA [TSHA reports]. Issue 144. Moscow, 1968, pp. 139-145.
3. Dikarev V.G., Poddubny N.N. Mineralogicheskij sostav podzolistyh i chernozemnyh pochv razlichnoj stepeni okul'turennosti [Mineralogical composition of podzolic and chernozem soils of various degrees of cultivation]. Izvestija TSKhA [News TSHA], 1969, no. 2, pp. 107-120.
4. Kutuzova A.A., Zotov A.A., Trofimova L.S. et al. Metodicheskie ukazanija po provedeniju nauchnyh issledovanij na senokosah i pastbishhah [Methodological guidelines for conducting scientific research on hayfields and pastures]. Moscow, VIK Publ., 1996, 152 p.
5. Dikarev V.G., Lukin A.Ya. Produktivnost' senokosov, kachestvo korma i plodorodie dernovopodzolistyh pochv pri vnesenii navoznyh stokov [Productivity of hayfields, feed quality and fertility of sod-podzolic soils when applying manure effluents]. Priemy sozdanija i ispol'zovanija vysokoproduktivnyh senokosov i pastbishh : sb. nauch. tr. [Techniques for creating and using highly productive hayfields and pastures: collection of scientific papers]. Issue 34, Moscow, 1986, pp. 103-112.
6. Dikarev V.G., Merzlaja G.E., Volodarskaja N.I., Rezvatkina T.G. Jeffektivnost' vnutripochvennogo vnesenija zhidkogo navoza na zlakovyh senokosah [Efficiency of intra-soil application of liquid manure on grain haymaking]. Jeffektivnye priemy povyshenija produktivnosti prirodnyh kormovyh ugodij po zonam strany: sb. nauch. tr. [Effective methods for increasing the productivity of natural fodder lands by country's zones: collection of scientific papers]. Issue 39, Moscow, 1988, pp. 157-164.
7. Korotkov B.I., Dikarev V.G., Grechishnikov N.N. Povyshenie sbora proteina na senokosah i pastbishhah za schet primenenija bespodstilochnogo navoza [Increasing protein harvesting in hayfields and pastures, due to the use of liquid manure]. Rezervy uvelichenija proizvodstva belka : sb. nauch. tr. [Reserves for increasing protein production: collection of scientific papers]. Issue 45, Moscow, 1990, pp. 44-52.
8. Laretin N.A., Kutuzova A.A., Korotkov B.I. et al. Prakticheskoe rukovodstvo po tehnologijam uluchshenija i ispol'zovanija senokosov i pastbishh lesnoj zony [Practical guide to technologies for improving and using hayfields and pastures of the forest zone]. Moscow, Agropromizdat Publ., 1987, 136 p.
9. Korotkov B.I., Dikarev V.G., Lukin A.Ya. Racional'naja tehnologija primenenija bespodstilochnogo navoza na oroshaemyh senokosah [Rational technology of application of liquid manure on irrigated hayfields]. Koprologicheskie aspekty promyshlennogo zhivotnovodstva: tezisy dokladov sovetskochehoslovackogo nauchno-proizvodstvennogo simpoziuma [Coprological aspects of industrial animal husbandry : abstracts of the Soviet-Czechoslovak Scientific and Production Symposium]. Uzhgorod, 1985, pp. 105-107.
10. Kutuzova A.A., Zotov A.A., Tyuldyukov V.A., Blagoveshchenskiy G.V. Prakticheskoe rukovodstvo po vedeniju kormoproizvodstva na meliorirovannyh lugovyh ugod'jah dlja fermerskih hozjajstv i drugih form malyh sel'skohozjajstvennyh predprijatij [A practical guide to the management of forage production on reclaimed grasslands for farms and other forms of small agricultural enterprises]. Moscow, 1993, 48 p.
11. Rekomendacii po sisteme udobrenija senokosov i pastbishh po zonam strany [Recommendations on the system of fertilization of hayfields and pastures by zones of the country]. All-Russian Williams Fodder Research Institute. - Moscow, Kolos Publ., 1984, 32 p.
12. Kuznetsova E.I., Dikarev V.G., Grechishnikov N.N., Lukin A.Ya. Oroshenie v Nechernozem'e [Irrigation in the Non-Chernozem region]. Perspektivnye agrotehnicheskie tehnologii povyshenija kachestva kormov : doklady simpoziuma [Promising agrotechnical technologies for improving the quality of feed: Symposium reports]. Moscow, 2002, pp. 181-188.
13. V.G. Sychev, E.I. Kuznetsova, V.A. Kulakov et al. Oroshenie i primenenie udobrenij v Nechernozemnoj zone [Irrigation and application of fertilizers in the Non-Chernozem zone]. Moscow, 2004, 276 p.
